There are two types of backup available to iOS users. iCloud backups are encrypted automatically and stored in the cloud, and you can create and use them anywhere with a Wi-Fi connection. By contrast, Mac-based backups are created and stored on your Mac, encryption is optional, and you have to connect your device to your computer to restore one. This article shows you how to back up your iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch to a Mac running macOS Mojave or earlier.

Since the release of macOS 10.5 Catalina in 2019, Apple has offered separate Mac apps for Music, Podcasts, and Apple TV, and the functions for managing a connected iPhone, iPad or iPod touch are located in Finder. However, In macOS 10.4 Mojave and earlier versions of macOS, backing up an iOS device to your Mac involves using the iTunes app. Keep reading to learn how it's done.

How to Create an iTunes Backup

The following step-by-step instructions on how to create an iTunes backup are given for iPhone, but apply to iPad and iPod touch too. The second set of steps shows you how to archive the backup if needed.

1. Connect your iOS device to a Mac or PC using a Lightning to USB cable.
2. Open iTunes.
3. Click the device's icon in the top-left menu.
   
4. Under Backups, click This computer.
5. Tick the Encrypt iPhone backup checkbox if you want to back up your login credentials and any Health and HomeKit data.
   
6. Click Back Up Now and wait for the backup process to finish. It will take around five minutes to complete depending on what's installed on your iPhone.

Archive the Backup

An archived iTunes backup saves the current state of your iOS device and prevents it from being accidentally overwritten by subsequent backups. Creating an archived backup is useful if for example you want to install a public beta of iOS, since if something goes wrong with the beta, you can use it restore your device to its previous operating system version. The following steps show you how to archive the iTunes backup that's created using previous steps.

1. Click iTunes -> Preferences… in the macOS menu bar.
2. Click the Devices tab.
   
3. Right-click (or Ctrl-click) the new backup, and select Archive from the contextual dropdown menu.

Backing up should be done on a a regular basis. If you're using iCloud, it will be done automatically, but if you're using iTunes, make sure to initiate a backup every week or two so you don't lose important data.